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diode improvements
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Bane Stojkovic
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# Diode Datasheets
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Applying a known diode's package and appearance from a datasheet.
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## 1. Goal
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Follows [DIP IC Pin Names](dip-ic-pin-names.md), [Transistor Pinouts](transistor-pinouts.md) and
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[Tube Socket Datasheets](tube-socket-datasheets.md). A diode's terminals are always anode and cathode
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(`A`, `K`), so unlike those components there are no pins to name. What a part number does fix is the
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package - a 1N5408 is twice the size of a 1N4007 - and, for the AI, what the part is: a rectifier,
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a Schottky, a signal diode, a germanium clipper or a zener. Users already type part numbers into
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"Value" (in the sample corpus 1N4007 13 times, 1N4148 8, 1N5819 6), but the body keeps the default
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size whatever they type. A datasheet sets the value, body size and colours in one step, from the
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toolbox or from the AI, as `Resistor.datasheet` already does for resistor families.
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## 2. Design decisions
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| # | Decision | Choice | Rationale |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| D1 | Components | `DiodePlastic` and `DiodeGlass` each get a datasheet. A part goes in the file of its envelope: epoxy (DO-41, DO-15, DO-201AD) in `DiodePlastic`, glass (DO-35, DO-34, DO-7, glass DO-41) in `DiodeGlass` | The two classes are the two envelopes; the drawing differs (glass shows the die). |
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| D2 | Datasheet row | Plastic: `group, part, package, length, width, body color, marker color`. Glass: the same plus `inside color`. Sizes in mm, colours as `#RRGGBB`, e.g. `Rectifier,1N4007,DO-41,4.8 mm,2.6 mm,#333333,#DDDDDD` | Every value maps to an existing property; nothing new is serialized. The package column is for readers and for a test that keeps one package one size. |
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| D3 | Model identity | `enableDatasheet = true`, `datasheetCreationStepCount = 2`, `datasheetModelColumn = 1` | Toolbox groups by family, the AI names the part. |
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| D4 | `applyModel` | Sets value, length, width, body colour, marker colour (and inside colour on glass). Leaves lead colour, label, display and orientation alone | The datasheet says what the part is and how big; label and display are the user's. |
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| D5 | Sizes | One body length and diameter per package, the nominal (mid-range) value of the manufacturer's outline drawing, shared by every part in that package | Packages are standardized (JEDEC DO outlines); a per-part size would only add noise. A test enforces it. |
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| D6 | Colours | One appearance per package and family, as the parts usually look: black epoxy with a grey band for rectifiers and Schottkys; clear glass with an orange die and a black band for silicon signal diodes and zeners; a darker die for germanium | Diodes, unlike resistors, carry no colour code; a recognisable appearance is enough. |
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| D7 | Standing mode | Unchanged. A model changes "Length", and a body longer than the control-point spacing is drawn standing, as today | Existing `@AiNote`s already explain this; applying a model to a placed part can flip it to standing only if the new body is longer than the hole spacing. |
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| D8 | Zeners | Listed part by part (1N4728A ... 1N4764A, the 1N52xxB and BZX55/BZX79 values DIYers use), each row naming the part; the voltage is not a column | The part number is what is printed and searched for. A zener voltage column would need a new property. |
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| D9 | Equivalents | One row per part number (1N4148 and 1N914; 1N5817, 1N5818, 1N5819), as for ICs and tubes | Users and the AI look up the printed number. |
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### Explicitly out of scope
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- LEDs, bridge rectifiers and SMD diodes. Bridge rectifiers are a separate, smaller follow-up (shape
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and pin order per W04M / DB107 / KBP / KBPC).
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- The schematic diode symbols.
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- A zener voltage or diode type property.
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- Translating group names.
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## 3. Changes
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### diylc-library
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- `DiodePlastic`, `DiodeGlass`: `implements IDatasheetSupport`, descriptor attributes (D3), a
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`(String[] model)` constructor and `applyModel` (D4); an `@AiNote` on the datasheet model.
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- `datasheets/DiodePlastic.datasheet`, `datasheets/DiodeGlass.datasheet`: rows per D2. Package
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dimensions from manufacturer outline drawings; each part's package from its manufacturer data
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sheet.
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### Generated
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- `catalog_full.json` regenerated.
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## 4. Datasheet inventory
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Package sizes, nominal (mid-range) body length x diameter from the outline drawings:
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| Package | Size | Source | Envelope, colours |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| DO-41 (plastic) | 4.6 x 2.4 mm | Vishay, Diodes Inc., onsemi case 59-10, JEDEC DO-204AL | epoxy `#1E1E1E`, band `#BDBDBD` |
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| DO-201AD | 8.5 x 5.1 mm | Vishay 1N5400, Diodes DS28007 | epoxy |
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| R-6 (P600) | 8.85 x 8.85 mm | Diodes DS28009, Vishay P600 | epoxy |
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| DO-35 | 4.0 x 1.8 mm | JEDEC DO-204AH; onsemi, Vishay, Nexperia SOD27 differ (Vishay <= 3.4 long) | glass `#E1F0FF`, band `#141414`, die `#D9652B` (zener `#E07A3A`) |
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| DO-34 | 2.6 x 1.6 mm | JEDEC DO-204AG, Nexperia SOD68 | glass |
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| DO-41 (glass) | 4.3 x 2.4 mm | Vishay, Nexperia SOD66, Microsemi (shorter than plastic) | glass, zener die |
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| DO-7 | 6.7 x 2.45 mm | JEDEC DO-204AA only | glass, germanium chip `#5E5E5E` |
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| SOD-57 | 4.2 x 3.5 mm | Vishay BYV27, NXP SOD57 (NXP ~10 % larger) | black sinterglass `#202020`, band `#B0B0B0` |
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`DiodePlastic.datasheet`, 77 parts:
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| Group | Package | Parts |
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|---|---|---|
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| Rectifier | DO-41 | 1N4001-1N4007, 1N5391-1N5399 |
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| Rectifier | DO-201AD / R-6 | 1N5400-1N5408, BY255 / 6A10 |
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| Fast Rectifier | DO-41 | UF4001-UF4007, 1N4933-1N4937, FR101-FR107, HER101-HER108, MUR120, MUR160, BA157-BA159 |
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| Fast Rectifier | DO-201AD | UF5400-UF5408, MUR460, BY399 |
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| Schottky | DO-41 / DO-201AD | 1N5817-1N5819, SB140, SB160, SR160, 11DQ04 / 1N5820-1N5822, SB560 |
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`DiodeGlass.datasheet`, 200 parts:
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| Group | Package | Parts |
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|---|---|---|
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| Signal | DO-35 | 1N4148, 1N914, 1N4448, 1N916, 1N4151, BAV21, 1N3600, BA221 |
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| Schottky | DO-35 / DO-34 | BAT41, BAT42, BAT43, BAT46, BAT48, BAT85, 1N5711 / BAT86 |
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| Germanium | DO-7 / DO-35 | 1N34A, 1N270, OA90, OA91, OA95, OA47, AA119, AA143 / 1N60, 1N60P |
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| Fast Rectifier | SOD-57 | BYV26C, BYV26E |
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| Zener (1N47xx) | DO-41 | 1N4728A-1N4764A |
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| Zener (1N52xx), (1N7xx), (BZX55), (BZX79) | DO-35 | 1N5221B-1N5267B, 1N746A-1N759A, BZX55C and BZX79C 2V4-75 |
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Sourcing notes:
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- Part packages read from Vishay, Diodes Inc., Taiwan Semiconductor, onsemi, Nexperia, ST,
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Microsemi and Central sheets. Weakest: FR10x and SR160 (second-tier makers agreeing), MUR460 and
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11DQ04 (mirrors), the European germanium types (DO-7 from secondary sources; their real bodies are
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"DO-7-like"), and BYV26 (package from the BYV27 sheet of the same family).
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- Same number, different envelope: 1N5391-1N5399 are DO-41 at Vishay (current) and DO-15 at TSC and
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the old Diodes sheet; BAT85 is DO-35 at Vishay (current) and DO-34 at Nexperia (discontinued);
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1N47xxA are glass DO-41 at every maker that states an envelope, so they are glass parts here.
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- 1N60 / 1N60P are sold as germanium but current Asian production is often a silicon Schottky.
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- Left out: BAT54 (SMD), 1N695 (secondary sources only), Soviet D9/D18 (own glass cases, not JEDEC),
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DO-15 parts (none needed once 1N539x went to DO-41).
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- Popular additions not yet sourced: 1S1588, 1SS133, MA150/MA856 (Japanese pedal clippers), BZX85C
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(1.3 W zeners), SF14/SF18, MBR160, SB5100, 1N4150, 1N456/1N457, BY228/BYW96 (SOD-64).
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Rules for every row: a part's package is read from its manufacturer data sheet (or two independent
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sources); where makers ship the same number in different envelopes (1N47xx in glass or plastic
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DO-41; germanium parts in DO-7 or DO-35), the row follows the common current production and the
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other is noted.
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## 5. Tests
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- `DiodeDatasheetTest`, over both files: every row parses and applies; parts are unique within a
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file and appear in only one of the two; rows naming the same package carry the same length and
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width; `findSeries` finds a part and not a group.
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## 6. Verification
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- `mvn -q -pl diylc-library -am test`, then the whole reactor.
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- Render one part per package, lying and standing, and compare body proportions with the outline
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drawings.
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- Regression suite not required: no existing project changes (nothing is applied to placed parts).
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## 7. Phases
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1. **Plan**: this document.
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2. **Code**: done - D3, D4, `DiodeDatasheetTest`, `@AiNote` on both classes. The test fails until
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the datasheets exist.
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3. **Library**: done - 277 parts in two datasheets, all five `DiodeDatasheetTest` cases pass, whole
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reactor passes (core 227, library 513, swing 29), parts rendered per package; `catalog_full.json`
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regenerated; release note in 6.10.
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4. **Later**: bridge rectifiers; LEDs (3 mm / 5 mm / 10 mm bodies) if wanted.
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